Catalysis and deactivation of SO 4 2− /ZrO2 solid acid on the alkylation of benzene with 1-dodecene

Catalysis and deactivation of SO₄²⁻/ZrO₂ solid acid on the alkylation of benzene and 1-dodecene were studied by the characterization of XRD, BET, IR, TG/DTA, and NH₃-TPD techniques and the determination of the 1-dodecene conversion, the yield of dodecylbenzene and the selectivity of linear alkylbenzene respectively. In addition, some treatment methods, such as the extraction with benzene or THF as solvent, and the calcinations with or without the dipping of H₂SO₄ in air, were respectively used to recover the activity of deactivated catalyst. The results indicate that SO₄²⁻/ZrO₂ solid acid shows higher catalytic activity for the alkylation of benzene and 1-dodecene with nearly 100% of 1-dodecene conversion and more than 80% of dodecylbenzene yield, and higher selectivity of 2-LAB. The activity of catalyst for the alkylation of benzene is in proportion to the content and the strength of medium acid site. However, the distinct deactivation of catalyst was also obversed in the alkylation. According to the characterization of deactivated catalyst, the accumulation of hydrocarbon fragment and the removal of are mainly reasons of SO₄²⁻/ZrO₂ deactivation. The SO₄²⁻/ZrO₂ calcinated at higher temperature is apt to deactivate. The treatment by extraction with solvent or calcinations can recover the catalytic activity of spent catalyst at a certain extent, especially calcination with the dipping of H₂SO₄. Published in Russian in Kinetika i Kataliz, 2009, Vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 455–463. The article is published in the original.     

水声材料构件声学特性自由场宽带测量装置

介绍一套新建的水声材料构件声学特性自由场宽带测量装置,在开放消声水池中测量水声材料构件大面积样品的复声压反射系数(回声降低)、复声压透射系数(插入损失)和吸声系数,为研究和评定声纳水下声系统、潜艇声隐身等项目所用的水声材料构件设备声学特性提供了标准测试/校准系统.装置应用了宽带压缩脉冲叠加法和宽带指向性声源,最低测量频...     

重金属离子对猪胰α-淀粉酶活性影响的作用机理研究

通过在α-淀粉酶介质中加入Ce^3 ,Cd^2 和Pb^2 ,研究其对α-淀粉酶活性影响的作用机理。结果表明,低浓度重金属离子对酶活性有激活作用,高浓度则严重抑制酶活性。在高浓度下,Ce^3 ,Cd^2 和Pb^2 能完全竞争出α-淀粉酶中的Ca^2 。荧光滴定结果表明,Ce^3 ,Cd^2 和Pb^2 不仅可能完全占据Ca^2 的结合位点,而且还可能在Ca^2 的结合位点以外的氨基酸残基上结合,从而导致酶的构象改变。     

多功能微波等离子体化学反应装置及其应用

建立了一台多功能微波等离子体化学反应实验装置,可用于化学合成、表面处理、多相催化等多种研究,为新方法、新工艺、新思路的实现提供了实验基础。     

线性啁啾光纤光栅色散补偿性能的数值分析

对线性啁啾光纤光栅的色散补偿性能进行了数值分析。结果表明 ,啁啾光栅时延曲线的纹波大小和线性度是影响其色散补偿性能的两个重要因素。对高斯型耦合系数分布光栅而言 ,更长的光栅将具有更佳的色散补偿性能     

长、短周期光纤光栅退火实验研究

光纤光栅技术是光纤通信领域继光纤放大器之后的一个里程碑 ,由此产生的全光纤光子线路及其集成将对光纤通信的发展产生巨大的推动作用。获得性能稳定的光纤光栅具有重要的意义。介绍了长、短周期光纤光栅的光学特性及退火特性     

SUPG finite element method based on penalty function for lid-driven cavity flow up to $$Re = 27500$$

A streamline upwind/Petrov–Galerkin(SUPG)finite element method based on a penalty function is proposed for steady incompressible Navier–Stokes equations.The SUPG stabilization technique is employed for the formulation of momentum equations. Using the penalty function method, the continuity equation is simplified and the pressure of the momentum equations is eliminated. The lid-driven cavity flow problem is solved using the present model. It is shown that steady flow simulations are computable up to Re = 27500, and the present results agree well with previous solutions. Tabulated results for the properties of the primary vortex are also provided for benchmarking purposes.     

Novel estradiol sensors based on carbon nanotube multilayer modified gold hair microelectrodes

Multi-walled carbon nanotube multilayers were modified onto a newly proposed gold hair microelectrode via a simple layer-by-layer assembling method.The resulting electrode showed a sensitive oxidation response to estradiol with detection limit as low as 1.0×10~(-8) mol/L,foreseeing a promising approach to the fabrication of high-sensitive microsensors.     

Topographies of Organized Monolayer of α-Amylase Observed by Atomic Force Microscopy

Preparing the organized ultrathin film of proteins is the key to developing of protein-based molecular devices such as biosensors. In the past, the organized molecular layers were fabricated by the means of Langmuir-Blodgett (LB), which utilized the amphipathy of molecules. Molecular deposition (MD) which is based on the electrostatic interaction between the charged substrates and oppositely charged absorbate is a new and versatile method for preparing organized self-assembled ultrathin film…     

Microwave-Promoted Rapid Synthesis of 1-Aryl-1,2,3-Triazoles

1, 2, 4- and 1, 2, 3-triazole derivatives have found wide applications as plant growth regulators1, bactericides and medical fungicides2, insecticides3 and in dyeing and color development4.One of the general routes of synthesis of 1-aryl-1, 2, 3-triazoles was to treat aryl azides with a-keto phosphorus ylides in dry refluxing benzene for 0.5 to 2 days5. Herein we report, for the first time, a very quick and simple, microwave-promoted synthesis of 1-aryl-1, 2, 3-triazoles 3 from aryl azides 1 an…